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如下测例中,没有违反引用约束的插入失败。
create database `a-b`;use `a-b`;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;create table t1(c1 int primary key, c2 int) engine=innodb;create table t2(c1 int primary key, c2 int) engine=innodb;alter table t2 add foreign key(c2) references `a-b`.t1(c1);SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;insert into t1 values(1,1);select * from t1;c1 c21 1select * from t2;c1 c2insert into t2 values(1,1);ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`a-b`.`t2`, CONSTRAINT `t2_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`c2`) REFERENCES `a-b`.`t1` (`c1`))insert into t2 values(1,1); //预期应该成功实际失败了。子表插入任何数据都会报违反引用约束。
首先我们会检查表结构是否正常
show create table t2;Table Create Tablet2 CREATE TABLE `t2` ( `c1` int(11) NOT NULL, `c2` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`c1`), KEY `c2` (`c2`), CONSTRAINT `t2_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`c2`) REFERENCES `a-b`.`t1` (`c1`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
查看 innodb_sys_foreign 表
select * from information_schema.innodb_sys_foreign where id='a@002db/t2_ibfk_1';+-------------------+------------+----------+--------+------+| ID | FOR_NAME | REF_NAME | N_COLS | TYPE |+-------------------+------------+----------+--------+------+| a@002db/t2_ibfk_1 | a@002db/t2 | a-b/t1 | 1 | 0 |+-------------------+------------+----------+--------+------+select * from information_schema.innodb_sys_tables where name='a@002db/t1';+----------+------------+------+--------+-------+-------------+------------+---------------+| TABLE_ID | NAME | FLAG | N_COLS | SPACE | FILE_FORMAT | ROW_FORMAT | ZIP_PAGE_SIZE |+----------+------------+------+--------+-------+-------------+------------+---------------+| 530 | a@002db/t1 | 1 | 5 | 525 | Antelope | Compact | 0 |+----------+------------+------+--------+-------+-------------+------------+---------------+
表结构正常,表面上看外键在系统表中元数据库信息正常。仔细比较发现 innodb_sys_foreign 的REF_NAME字段”a-b/t1”实际应为”a@002db/t2”。
MySQL 内部用 my_charset_filename 字符集来表名和库名。
以下数组定义了 my_charset_filename 字符集需要转换的字符。数组下标为 ascii 值,1代表不需要转换。可以看到字母数字和下划线等不需要转换,同时字符’-‘是需要转换的, 转换函数参见my_wc_mb_filename
。
static char filename_safe_char[128]={ 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, /* ................ */ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, /* ................ */ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, /* !"#$%&'()*+,-./ */ 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0, /* 0123456789:;<=>? */ 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, /* @ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO */ 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1, /* PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_ */ 0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1, /* `abcdefghijklmno */ 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0, /* pqrstuvwxyz{|}~. */};
由上节可知,字符’-‘作为库名或表名是需要转换的。innodb_sys_foreign 中 FOR_NAME 值是转换过的,只有 REF_NAME 未转换,而系统表 innodb_sys_tables 中存储的表名是转换后的。dict_get_referenced_table
根据未转换的表名 a-b/t1 去系统表 SYS_TABLES 查找会查找不到记录。于是会导致
foreign->referenced_table==NULL
因此对子表的任何插入都会返回错误 DB_NO_REFERENCED_ROW,如下代码
row_ins_check_foreign_constraint: if (check_ref) { check_table = foreign->referenced_table; check_index = foreign->referenced_index; } else { check_table = foreign->foreign_table; check_index = foreign->foreign_index; }if (check_table == NULL || check_table->ibd_file_missing || check_index == NULL) { if (!srv_read_only_mode && check_ref) { …… err = DB_NO_REFERENCED_ROW; } goto exit_func;
经过进一步调试分析发现,函数innobase_get_foreign_key_info
中主表的库名和表名都没有经过转换,而是直接使用系统字符集。
回过头再看看bug的触发条件:
这里强调下第3条, 如果上面的测例中去掉了SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0,那么结果 REF_NAME会正常转换
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;create table t1(c1 int primary key, c2 int) engine=innodb;create table t2(c1 int primary key, c2 int) engine=innodb;alter table t2 add foreign key(c2) references `a-b`.t1(c1);select * from information_schema.innodb_sys_foreign where id='a@002db/t2_ibfk_1';+-------------------+------------+------------+--------+------+| ID | FOR_NAME | REF_NAME | N_COLS | TYPE |+-------------------+------------+------------+--------+------+| a@002db/t2_ibfk_1 | a@002db/t2 | a@002db/t1 | 1 | 0 |+-------------------+------------+------------+--------+------+
MySQL 5.6 online DDL 是支持建索引的。而对于建外键索引同样也是支持的,条件是SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0。
ha_innobase::check_if_supported_inplace_alter: if ((ha_alter_info->handler_flags & Alter_inplace_info::ADD_FOREIGN_KEY) && prebuilt->trx->check_foreigns) { ha_alter_info->unsupported_reason = innobase_get_err_msg( ER_ALTER_OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED_REASON_FK_CHECK); DBUG_RETURN(HA_ALTER_INPLACE_NOT_SUPPORTED); }
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0时,prebuilt->trx->check_foreigns
为false。
我们再来看出问题的函数innobase_get_foreign_key_info
,只有online DDL的代码路径才会调用此函数:
#0 innobase_get_foreign_key_info#1 ha_innobase::prepare_inplace_alter_table#2 handler::ha_prepare_inplace_alter_table#3 mysql_inplace_alter_table#4 mysql_alter_table......
而非online DDL的路径如下,函数 dict_scan_id
会对表名和库名进行转换:
#0 dict_scan_id#1 dict_scan_table_name#2 dict_create_foreign_constraints_low#3 dict_create_foreign_constraints#4 row_table_add_foreign_constraints#5 ha_innobase::create#6 handler::ha_create#7 ha_create_table#8 mysql_alter_table......
bug系统中虽然没有相关的bug信息,但从MySQL 5.6.26中我们看到官方Bug#21094069已经进行了修复,在innobase_get_foreign_key_info
中对库名和表名进行转换。
参考commit:
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